Examples of Art and the Negative Postive Religous Movements Had During Renaissance
 | The Renaissance |
The Renaissance 1350-1550
The Renaissance began in the city-states of Italy in the mid-1300s. The urban center-state of Florence is considered the birthplace of the Renaissance, which means "rebirth" in French. During this fourth dimension, Italians, living closer to the Middle Due east and Greece, were introduced to classic literature and philosophy, similar the Iliad and the Odyssey, as well equally the works of ancient philosophers like Plato. These texts were preserved past the Byzantines and Arabs of the Center East.
Humanism was born during the Renaissance. The Middle Ages had always been an age of faith and fate. Now, after reading the ancient philosophers, some people in Italian republic began to retrieve that great things were possible through individual accomplishment, this is what is called the Humanist move. Francesco Petrarch was an early humanist who studied the ancient texts for inspiration. Humanism immune arts and literature to reach new heights during this time.
Italian city-states, AD 1491
Giotto's Adoration of the Magi
One of the virtually of import achievements of the Renaissance was the promotion of the arts. Wealthy businessmen became patrons and supported the efforts of various artists. During the early Renaissance, the painter Giotto (1266-1337) used perspective (shading) to create life-like paintings. Before Giotto, the Byzantine, ii-dimensional manner was the norm. Although these paintings await lifeless, it was the religious bulletin backside the painting that was considered important, not the art. Giotto rejected this idea and painted it with realism. Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, and Michelangelo would follow Giotto and are the best-known artists from this menses.
Bullwork began to crumble during the Tardily Middle Ages, equally potent kings seized ability from their vassals. The Black Plague had wiped out many of the vassals, and their ability weakened. Rex Ferdinand of Aragon married Queen Isabella of Castile, uniting the 2 kingdoms into one super-kingdom of Spain. In French republic, Male monarch Louis Eleven divided and conquered his vassals, while in England, out of the ashes of the Wars of the Roses, Henry Tudor united the Houses of York and Lancaster. Knowing that the English people sought peace, Henry married off his sons and daughters to the ruling families of other countries, including Scotland and Espana. People began to leave feudal lands, heading to cities where they formed guilds. A club is a group of people who do the same type of work, like making clothes.
The Roman Catholic Church as well began to lose its power as church building officials bickered. At i signal there were even two popes at the same time, each i challenge to be the true Pope. During the Renaissance, men began to challenge some of the practices of the Roman Catholic Church. An Englishman, named John Wycliffe, was i of the early challengers. Wycliffe felt the Church building should be poor, like the early on apostles of Jesus. Wycliffe as well believed that the Bible should be translated into English, so people could understand its bulletin.
Wycliffe'south reforms made little departure, just in the early 16th century, a human being named Martin Luther changed the Church forever. Luther, a Roman Catholic priest in Frg, posted 95 poor practices of the church on the door of a church building in Germany. This document was called the 95 theses and was meant to signal out how the Church could be improved. 1 of the problems he saw was the selling of indulgences. An indulgence is a pardon or forgiveness for a sin that a person has committed. Pope Leo Ten at the time was selling indulgences to raise money to build a 1000 new church building in Rome. An advance in applied science that helped to spread the message of Martin Luther was the invention of the moveable-blazon printing press by Johannes Gutenberg. Gutenberg, a German language, created the printing that used movable blazon pieces for characters, rather than woodcuts of entire pages that had been used in presses in the past. Moveable-blazon made books faster and these books were less expensive than books fabricated from woodcuts.
The Reformation
Martin Luther started a movement chosen the Reformation. Many people tried to reform the Church during the 1500s. When Pope Leo Ten ordered Luther's writings burned, many people sided with Luther and decided to interruption abroad from the Roman Catholic Church. These break-away Christians are called Protestants because they were protesting the practices of the Catholic Faith. All Protestants have ane thing in common, they turn down to follow the Pope. Lutherans are the Protestant grouping that follows the teachings of Martin Luther. The Protestant movement divided Western European Christians into Catholic and Protestant. Wars followed between Catholic and Protestant nations, every bit well as attempts to convert the people of the New World to each type of faith. The discovery of the New Globe by Europeans was a result of exploring and sailing to notice faster and safer trade routes to Asia than the long and dangerous land routes. The most successful movement past Catholics to stop the tide of the Reformation was called the Jesuit movement. The Jesuits spread the Catholic faith to people in Asia and Latin America. The Jesuits still exist today, Mcquaid Loftier School, in Rochester, is a Jesuit school.
The ideas of the Renaissance arrived last to England, but following the Reformation, King Henry 8 of England decided to break abroad from the Catholic Church, creating the Anglican (English) Church building. Henry believed in a national church without interference from the Pope in Rome. The Pope at the time refused to grant Henry Eight the divorce he needed from his first married woman, Catherine of Aragon, to remarry, in hopes of having a son and heir to the throne. Had it non been for Martin Luther and the Protestant motility, we are left to wonder whether Henry Eight would take been so bold every bit to accept England exit the Catholic religion, and brand an enemy of Kingdom of spain, the powerful Catholic country of his offset married woman.
England'southward author, William Shakespeare, contributed great works during the Renaissance. His plays and poems are nonetheless read today and form the footing of many modern movie themes. Shakespeare wrote in the late 1500s and early 1600s, during the time of England'southward Queen Elizabeth I, Henry VIII'southward daughter. Romeo and Juliet may be his most recognizable play.
Copernicus' Heliocentric Theory
Views on science were also changing during the Renaissance. The Catholic Church had always accepted the findings of the ancient Hellenistic Greek named Ptolemy, that the earth was the centre of the universe, and all the planets, moon, Lord's day, and stars revolve around the stationary world. This theory is called the geocentric, or world-centered, theory. Nicolas Copernicus (from Poland) challenged this theory, he was convinced that the planets, including earth, revolved effectually the dominicus, and that the earth spun in its axis. Knowing that his findings would be unpopular, Copernicus waited until he was dying to publish his work called On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres in 1543. In the 1600s, a man named Galileo, using a telescope saw that the planet Venus showed phases like to the moon, proving that information technology revolved around the Sun. This supported Copernicus' Heliocentric, or Sun-centered, theory. For his findings, Galileo was sent to prison.
One important fact to consider concerning the Renaissance is that only the wealthy took role in the advances and learning of the fourth dimension; for the poor and the majority of people, life connected on every bit it ever had, with people working hard, with fiddling time or coin to enjoy the benefits of art and literature.
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- The Renaissance Scavenger Hunt
Mr. Giotto's Site
Penfield
Source: https://www.penfield.edu/webpages/jgiotto/onlinetextbook.cfm?subpage=1512314
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